Clinical Scorecard: Identifying Geographic Atrophy Biomarkers
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|---|
| Condition | Geographic Atrophy (GA) |
| Key Mechanisms | Progression from GA to choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and advanced AMD. |
| Target Population | Patients at risk of vision loss due to GA and AMD. |
| Care Setting | Optometry and ophthalmology clinics. |
Key Highlights
- GA lesions are sharply demarcated areas of RPE hypopigmentation.
- Larger and multifocal GA lesions increase progression rates.
- Reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) are associated with multifocal GA lesion development.
- Mediterranean diet and exercise can reduce GA progression risk.
- Prescription medications like avacincaptad pegol and pegcetacoplan treat GA.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Use color fundus photography (CFP), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for identifying biomarkers.
Management
- Consider intravitreal injections of avacincaptad pegol or pegcetacoplan for GA treatment.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Implement home-based OCT for early detection of AMD progression.
Risks
- Current smokers have a 4-fold increased risk of developing GA.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Patients with geographic atrophy and those at risk for advanced AMD.
Ocular nutritional supplements and lifestyle modifications can reduce progression risk.
Clinical Best Practices
- Encourage smoking cessation to lower GA risk.
- Advise a Mediterranean diet to slow GA progression.
- Promote regular exercise to reduce AMD risk.
References
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